Among the most notable Resistance movements were the Polish Resistance, including the Polish Home Army, Leśni and the whole Polish Underground State; the Soviet partisans; Italian Resistenza; French Resistance; Yugoslav Partisans; Belgian Resistance; Norwegian Resistance; Greek Resistance; and Dutch Resistance.
Many countries had resistance movements dedicated to fighting the Axis invaders, and Germany itself also had an anti-Nazi movement (Widerstand). Although Britain was not occupied during the war, the British made complex preparations for a British resistance movement.
There were also resistance movements fighting against the Allied invaders. In Italian East Africa, after the Italian forces were defeated during the East African Campaign, some Italians participated in a guerrilla war against the British. The German Nazi resistance movement ("Werwolf") never amounted to much. The "Forest Brothers" of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania included many fighters who operated against the Soviet occupation of the Baltic States into the 1960s.
THE WOMEN ...
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| Austria Annexed Mar 1938 |
- Rosa Jochmann (1901-1994)
- Marianne Katharina "Kathe" Pick-Leichter (1895-1942)
"Then came the morning, and since I was block elder, I was allowed to go to the camp street. We went hand in hand. I'll never find out whether she knew that this was the end. I can still see Kathe sitting on the truck, in the bitter cold, her blue eyes directed at us, waving for a last goodbye." --Rosa Jochmann
- Hilde Wundsam-Zimmermann (1920-2002)
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| Czechoslovakia Annexed Aug 1939 Sudetenland Occupied Oct 1938 |
- Milena Jesenska (1896-1944)
- Maria Gulovich-Liu (1921-2009)
- Haviva Reik (1914-1944)
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| Western Poland Occupied Sep 1939 Eastern Poland, Eastonia, Latvia, Lithuania Occupied Jun 1941 |
Poland
- Rosia Altman (1918-1943)
- Zofia Beniecka (1917-1993)
- Zipora Birmann (1916-1943)
- Maria Brodzki
- Maria Janina Broel-Plater (1913-2005)
- Maria Cetyz (1914-1944)
- Grazyna Chrostowska (1921-1942)
- Jadwiga Dzido-Haas (1918-1985)
- Jadwiga Falkowska (1889-1944)
- Ala Gartner (1912-1945)
- Wanda Gertz (1896-1958)
- Halina Golczowa (1901-1963)
- Zofia Gorska-Romanowiczowa (1922-2010)
- Chaika Grossman (1919-1998)
- Stefania & Aleksandra Grzeszczak
- Maria Hiszpanska-Neumann (1935-1980)
- Karolina Juszczykowska
- Wladyslawa Karolewska-Lapinska (1909-2002)
- Maria Kusmierczuk (1920-1989)
- Zofia Kossek-Szczucka (1889-1968)
- Wanda Krahelska-Filipowicz (1886-1968)
- Karolina Lanchoronska (1898-2002)
- Lola Lerman
- Zivia Lubetkin (1914-1976)
- Rivka Madeiskar (1922-1943)
- Irena Morzycka-Illakowicz (1906-1943)
- Irene Gut Opdyke
- Feigele "Vladka" Peltel-Meed (1921-2012)
- Zofia Pocilowska (1920-)
- Stefania Podgorska
- Zofia Romanowiczowa (1922-2010)
- Tema Schneiderman
- Felice Schragenheim (1922-1944)
- Irene Sendler
- Tema Sznajderman (aka Wanda Majewska 1917-1943)
- Bronka Winicka-Klibanski (1923-)
- Krystyna Waknowicz
- Maria Wittek (1899-1997)
- Krystyna Wituska
- Anna Zakrzewska (1925-1944)
- Malka Zdrojewicz
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| Denmark
Occupied Apr 1940
|
- Monica Massy-Wichfeld (1894-1945)
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| Norway Occupied Apr 1940 |
- Margrete Aamot-Overland (1913-1978)
- Anne Margrethe Bang-Stromsheim (1914-2008)
- Frieda Dalen (1895-1995)
- Anna Henriette Wegner Haagaas-Bie Lorentzen (1911-2001)
- Reidun Hjartoy-Roed (1921-2009)
- Wanda Maria Hjort-Heger (1921-)
- Eva Antonie Jorgensen-Klovstad (1921-2014)
- Dagmar Lahlum (1922-1999)
- Thora Manthey-Lange
- Ida Nikoline "Tikken" Lindebraekke-Manus (1914-2010)
- Astrid Loken (1911-2008)
- Caroline "Nic" Nicolaysen-Waal (1905-1960)
- Anne-Sofie Ostvedt-Strommaes (1920-2009)
- Karen Platou (1879-1950)
- Maren-Sofie Rostvig (1920-2014)
- Sylvia Salvesen (1890-1973)
- Helga Stene (1904-1983)
- Ragnhild Elisabeth Schweigaard-Selmer (1923-2009)
- Merete Skavlan (1920-)
- Rakel Solberg-Sewerlin (1906-1995)
- Kirstin Sorsdal-Brunvoll (1895-1976)
- Haldis Elisabeth Sveri (1927-)
- Guri Tambs-Lyche (1917-2008)
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| Belgium & Luxembourg Occupied May 1940 |
- Elsie Bell-Marechal (1894-1969)
- Jeanne Daman-Scaglione
- Nadine Dumon
- Andree "Dedee" de Jongh (1916-2007)
- Marie-Josephe Dincq
- Yvonne Groisman-Jospa (1910-2000)
- Helene Moszkiewicz (1920-1998)
- Malka "Mala" Zimetbaum (1918-1944)
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| Netherlands Occupied May 1940 |
- Frieda Belinfante (1904-1995)
- Stennie Pratomo-Gret (1920-)
- Caecilia Antonia Marie Loots
- Mona Louise Parsons-Leonhardt (1901-1976)
- Henriette Roosenburg (1916-1972)
- Jannetje Johanna "Jo" Schaft (1920-1945)
- Tima Strobos (1920-2012)
- Henriette "Hetty" Voute
- Gabrielle Weidner (1914-1945)
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| France Occupied May 1940 See Biographies |
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| Yugoslavia Occupied Apr 1941 |
- Herta Haas-Tito (1914-2010)
- Vahida Maglajlic (1907-1943)
- Milja Marin-Toroman (1926-2007)
- Lepa Svetozara-Radic (1925-1943)
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| Greece Occupied Apr 1941 |
- Helene Ahrweiler
- Terpsichori Chryssoulaki-Vlachou (1926-1944)
- Aara Fortis
- Eleni Fourtouni
- Maria Karra
- Sofia Kritikou / Kritikoy
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| Soviet Union Invaded Jun 1941 |
- Ina Konstantinova (1924-1944)
- Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya (1923-1941)
- Antonina Nikiforowa
- Vera Obolensky
- Zinaida Portnova (1926-1944)
- Valentina Safronova
- Lyubov Shevtsova (1924-1943)
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| Italy Occupied Sep 1943 |
- Orsola Biasutti
- Toto Koopman (1908-1991)
- Andreini Morandi-Michelozzi
GERMANY (Widerstand)
- Olga Benario-Prestes (1908-1942)
- Marguerete Buber-Neumann
- Johanna Eck
- Mildred Elizabeth Fish-Harnack (1902-1943)
- Haika Grosman (1919-1996)
- Elli Hatshek (1901-1944)
- Liselotte Herrmann (1909-1938)
- Krista Lavickova (1917-1944)
- Hilde Meisel (1914-1945)
- Charlotte Muller
- Galina Romanova (1918-1944)
- Lisetta Rose (a gypsy)
- Sophie Magdalena Scholl (1921-1943)
- Maria Agnese Tribbioli
- Erika von Brockdorff (1911-1943)
- Orli Wald (1914-1962)
MORE SISTERS IN THE STRUGGLE ...
Albania
- Liri Belishova (1923-)
- Nexhmije Hoxha (1921-)
- Elena Lagadinova
- Rosi Forsberg
- Hannah Szennes / Senesh (1921-1944)
- Ludviga Pukas
- Galina Romanova (1918-1944)
